Gonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoea. It primarily infects the mucous membranes of the genital tract, rectum, and throat. If untreated, it can lead to severe health complications.
Causes and Mode of Transmission
1. Causes:
Neisseria gonorrhoea: A gram-negative bacterium that infects warm, moist areas of the body such as the urethra, cervix, rectum, throat, and eyes.
2. Mode of Transmission:
- Sexual Contact: Through vaginal, anal, or oral sex with an infected person.
- Mother-to-Child Transmission: During childbirth, leading to eye infections in new-borns (neonatal conjunctivitis).
- Rare Non-Sexual Transmission: Through contaminated objects like towels (very rare).
Symptoms of Gonorrhoea
In Men:
Early Symptoms:
- Burning sensation during urination.
- Pus-like discharge from the penis (white, yellow, or green).
- Swelling or pain in one testicle (less common).
Late Symptoms:
- Prostate inflammation.
- Infertility due to epididymitis.
In Women:
Early Symptoms (Often Asymptomatic):
- Increased vaginal discharge.
- Pain or burning sensation during urination.
- Intermenstrual bleeding or heavier periods.
Late Symptoms:
- Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), leading to abdominal pain, fever, and fertility issues.
In Both Genders:
- Rectal infections (discharge, itching, bleeding, or pain).
- Throat infections (sore throat, rarely noticeable symptoms).
Risks and Complications of Gonorrhoea
1. Untreated Infection:
- In Men: Epididymitis (inflammation of the testicles), infertility.
- In Women: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain.
2. Systemic Spread:
- Disseminated Gonococcal Infection (DGI): Arthritis, skin lesions, and inflammation of internal organs.
3. Neonatal Risks:
- Eye infections in new-borns, potentially leading to blindness.
4. Increased Susceptibility:
- Higher risk of acquiring or transmitting HIV due to genital inflammation.
Ayurvedic Perspective on Gonorrhoea
In Ayurveda, gonorrhoea can be correlated with Upadansha (a type of venereal disease) and Rakta Pradoshaja Vikara (blood-borne disorders). It is caused by an imbalance in Pitta dosha (heat and inflammation) and vitiation of Rakta dhatu (blood tissue).
Ayurvedic Treatment for Gonorrhoea
The Ayurvedic approach focuses on detoxifying the body, purifying the blood, balancing doshas, and strengthening immunity.
Detoxification (Shodhana):
- Virechana (Purgation): Clears toxins and balances Pitta dosha.
- Raktamokshana (Bloodletting): Purifies the blood and reduces inflammation.
Dietary Guidelines:
- Avoid spicy, salty, and oily foods that aggravate Pitta.
- Include cooling foods like cucumber, coconut water, and leafy greens.
- Hydration: Drink plenty of water infused with herbs like coriander or fennel seeds.
Lifestyle Adjustments:
- Practice personal hygiene to prevent reinfection.
- Avoid excessive heat exposure (e.g., hot baths, spicy foods).
- Practice stress management techniques like yoga and meditation.
Ayurvedic Formulations:
- Chandraprabha Vati: Useful in genitourinary disorders.
- Gokshuradi Guggulu: Reduces inflammation and improves urinary health.
- Sarivadi Vati: For purifying blood and managing burning sensations.
- Punarnavadi Kashaya: Reduces swelling and detoxifies.
Herbal Remedies:
Chandana (Sandalwood):
Cooling effect; reduces burning sensations.
Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia):
Enhances immunity and reduces fever.
Manjistha (Rubia cordifolia):
Purifies blood and alleviates inflammation.
Neem (Azadirachta indica):
Antibacterial and blood purifier.
Haridra (Turmeric):
Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory.
Preventive Measures
1. Boost Immunity:
- Use Rasayana herbs like Amalaki (Indian Gooseberry) and Ashwagandha.
2. Hygiene Practices:
Maintain genital hygiene and avoid contact with infected individuals.
3. Safe Sexual Practices:
Use barrier protection during intercourse.
