frozen shoulder

Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition characterized by stiffness, pain, and limited range of motion in the shoulder joint. It occurs when the connective tissue surrounding the shoulder joint (the capsule) becomes inflamed and thickened, restricting movement.

How Does Frozen Shoulder Occur?

Frozen shoulder typically develops gradually over three stages:

Freezing Stage: Shoulder pain increases and range of motion decreases. This stage can last from 6 weeks to 9 months.
Frozen Stage: Pain may lessen, but stiffness and limited mobility persist. This stage can last 4 to 6 months.
Thawing Stage: Shoulder regains its normal motion gradually. This stage can last 6 months to 2 years.

Causes of Frozen Shoulder

Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown cause.
Secondary: Linked to conditions or injuries, including:
Immobilization: Following surgery, injury, or fracture.
Diabetes: More common in diabetic individuals.
Thyroid Disorders: Hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism.
Other Medical Conditions: Parkinson's disease or cardiovascular disease.

Types of Frozen Shoulder

Primary Frozen Shoulder: Develops without an apparent cause.
Secondary Frozen Shoulder: Linked to known causes such as trauma or systemic diseases.

Symptoms of Frozen Shoulder

Gradual onset of pain, particularly at night.
Stiffness and inability to move the shoulder.
Difficulty performing daily activities (e.g., reaching overhead or behind the back).
Tenderness around the shoulder.

Risks of Frozen Shoulder

Age: Most common in individuals aged 40–60.
Gender: Women are more likely to develop frozen shoulder.
Pre-existing Conditions: Diabetes, thyroid dysfunction, or recent shoulder surgery/injury.
Prolonged Immobilization: After fractures, surgeries, or injuries.

Ayurvedic Treatment for Frozen Shoulder

Ayurveda views frozen shoulder as a Vata-Kapha imbalance leading to pain (Shoola) and stiffness (Stambha). Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation, improving circulation, and restoring mobility.