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Asthma

Shwas in Ayurveda literally means difficulty in breathing . According to Modern medical science, Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition where airways ( mainly bronchi) become inflamed and narrowed, leading to difficulty in breathing. The airways may become swollen and produce extra mucus, further obstructing airflow. Hence it is commonly known as Bronchial Asthma.

In Ayurveda, asthma is referred to as Shwas (breathing difficulty), specifically Tamaka Shwasa for chronic asthma. It is considered a disorder caused by the imbalance of Vata (air) and Kapha (mucus) doshas, leading to obstruction in the respiratory channels (Pranavaha Srotas).

Types of Asthma according to Ayurveda

1. Maha Shwasa

Severe difficulty in breathing.

2. Urdhva Shwasa

Difficulty in inhaling.

3. Chinna Shwasa

Breathing with interruptions.

4. Kshudra Shwasa

Mild and less frequent breathlessness, like shortness of breath after exertion.

5. Tamaka Shwasa

Chronic and recurrent form, closely resembling modern science bronchial asthma.

 

Modern medical science categorises Asthma as follows

1. Allergic Asthma

Triggered by allergens like dust, pollen grains etc.

2. Non-Allergic Asthma

Triggered by irritants like smoke or cold air.

3. Exercise-Induced Asthma

Occurs during or after physical activity.

4. Occupational Asthma

Triggered by workplace irritants like chemicals, paints, chalk powder etc.

Etiology or Causes of Asthma

1. External Factors

Exposure to allergens and irritants like pollens, dust, cold, damp environments, and inhalation of dust or smoke, pollutants, pet hair, chemicals etc.

2. Genetics

A family history of asthma or allergies.

3. Dietary Causes

Excessive consumption of heavy, cold, oily, and Kapha-aggravating foods like dairy.

4. Imbalance of Doshas

Especially Vata and Kapha. Kapha accumulates and blocks airways, while Vata causes spasms.

5. Weak digestion

Which further creates toxins (Ama) that block respiratory pathways.

6. Psychological Factors

Stress and anxiety, which aggravate Vata.

7. Seasonal Factors

Winter and rainy seasons aggravate Kapha and Vata.

Symptoms of Asthma

  • Difficulty in breathing (shortness of breath).

  • Wheezing sound during breathing.

  • Heaviness or tightness in the chest.

  • Coughing with or without mucus.

  • Fatigue and difficulty in exerting oneself physically.

  • Aggravation of symptoms in cold or damp weather.

Diet & Lifestyle Recommendations

Foods to be taken
  • Warm, and easily digestible foods : Soups, warm vegetable broths, cooked leafy greens.

  • Spices that balance Kapha and Vata : Ginger, turmeric, black pepper, cumin, cinnamon, and cardamom help in clearing mucus and improving digestion.

  • Herbal teas or hot infusions : Made with tulsi (holy basil), ginger, liquorice, or cinnamon help reduce congestion.

  • It helps in loosening mucus and clearing respiratory pathways.

Foods to be Avoided
  • Cold drinks and refrigerated food : These increase Kapha and make digestion sluggish.

  • Fried foods : They are heavy and difficult to digest, increasing Ama (toxins).

  • Cold and heavy Foods : Dairy products like yogurt, cheese, and ice cream can increase Kapha and mucus.

  • Allergens : If allergic to specific foods (e.g., nuts, shellfish), avoid them as they can trigger attacks.

Daily routine
  • Wake up early (before sunrise) to follow a routine that aligns with the natural cycles of the body.

  • Pranayama (Breathing exercises)

  • Practice Anulom Vilom (alternate nostril breathing)

  • Oil massage (Abhyanga) with warm sesame oil.

  • Steam inhalation with essential oils like eucalyptus.

  • Stay in a warm, dry environment as cold and damp weather can aggravate Kapha.

Avoid smoking and tobacco , and avoid areas with passive smoking or heavy pollution.

 

Herbs beneficial for asthma patients

1. Pippali (Long Pepper) – Piper longum

Known for its cooling properties, amla helps in reducing excess acidity and promotes healing of the stomach lining.

2. Tulsi (Holy Basil) – Ocimum sanctum

It is a bronchodilator which reduces inflammation of the respiratory tract.

3. Shunthi (Dry Ginger) – Zingiber officinale

It is anti-inflammatory and reduces chest tightness, clears mucus, and promotes easier breathing.

4. Kantakari (Indian Nightshade)

It is also an anti-inflammatory that reduces congestion and clears the tract off mucus.

5. Mulethi (Liquorice) – Glycyrrhiza glabra

It soothes the respiratory tract, reduces coughing, and helps clear airways.

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